A so-called warm façade is a single-shell construction or, for example, a curtain wall (glass) that is not rear-ventilated.
glass façades: The glazing and the insulation level form a unit (multi-pane insulating glazing). The glazing includes the function of insulation, weather protection and spatial closure. (e.g. mullion-transom façade)
Single-shell constructions: The layer structure consists of one or more layers that perform different tasks, but never cool down completely due to the lack of rear ventilation. Both thermal insulation and weather protection must be fulfilled in facades such as ETICS, core-insulated constructions, etc.
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