A fireplace draws the supply air required for combustion either directly from the installation room of the fireplace (= room air dependent) or via a separate supply line directly from the outside (= independent of room air). Since modern building envelopes are increasingly designed to be leak-proof in the course of the EnEV, the air flow is more difficult when a fireplace is operated in a room air-dependent manner. In addition, the simultaneous operation of the fireplace and an electrical ventilation system in the house must be excluded by safety measures. If the chimney draws poorly or if the electrical ventilation in the house is operated at the same time, there would otherwise be a risk that life-threatening exhaust gases containing carbon monoxide will enter the living rooms via the fireplace. See the encyclopedia article Feuerstätte, raumluftabhängige.
If the heating system is operated independently of room air, the fresh air is supplied either through a supply line via the outer wall of the building or via the chimney. See the encyclopedia article Feuerstätte, raumluftunabhängige.
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chimney, the supply air duct to the fireplace is already integrated. The air can be led down inside the outer shell of the chimney via a separate supply air duct, or via an air space or a double-walled pipe around the exhaust pipe (air-exhaust system).
Source: bauwion
