Requirements for interior doors with regard to fire and/or smoke protection result, for example, from the respective state building code or a special building regulation. Proof that a specific building law requirement is met by a particular door element is provided by the respective door manufacturer's proof of compliance with the corresponding classification according to DIN 4102 or DIN EN 13501. In the individual state building codes, the building law requirements are also set for "tightly closing" and in some cases also "full-walled", which are usually not regulated by norms (with the exception of the classification of a tightly closed and self-closing door according to DIN EN 13501, see table).
Therefore, the different state law concretizations of these requirements must be observed in each federal state, e.g. in the context of the implementation instructions for the building code. In some federal states, the requirement "tightly sealing" also automatically includes the requirement "full-walled". In general, "solid-walled" means that the door structure must not have any cavities, as is the case with a tubular chipboard door or a door with honeycomb filling. As a rule, a door leaf thickness of at least 40 mm is also required. The permissibility of glazing in solid-walled doors varies from state to state. "Tightly closing" usually means at least one flush or rebated door leaf with a seal on three sides. Here, too, however, it must be checked whether there are other requirements in the respective federal state, e.g. for a floor seal.
Legend for the classification according to DIN EN 13501:
E Fire resistance, room closure (E = Étanchéité)
I Fire resistance, thermal insulation (I = insulation. I1, I2 = different test requirements related to the thermal insulation criterion)
30/60/90 fire resistance in minutes
Sa limited smoke permeability at ambient temperature (S = Smoke)
S200 limited smoke permeability at ambient temperature and at 200°C (S = Smoke)
C5 self-closing property (C = closing) with 200,000 test cycles
Source: bauwion
