Normal format
The normal format (NF) has the dimensions 24 cm × 11.5 cm × 7.1 cm.
For the brick formats based on the octametric format, the following applies: 1 × length = 2 × width + 1 joint thickness
thin format
The thin format (DF) has the dimensions 24 cm × 11.5 cm × 5.2 cm.
Monastery format
The monastery format, probably developed in the 12th century, was the preferred brick format of the Middle Ages.
The dimensions of the handmade stones differed considerably within the individual monastery schools, there is no uniform system and no "standardization".
The average dimensions of the stones varied from 28 cm × 15 cm × 9 cm to 30 cm × 14 cm × 10 cm.
For
thousands of years, imperial format bricks were only made by hand. In the 19th century, industrialisation created the conditions
for theindustrial production of bricks and transport them over long distances. Suppliers were interchangeable, standardization was needed.
In Germany, the so-called "Reich format" for bricks was introduced in 1872. (today "old" RF)
The imperial brick with the dimensions 25 cm × 12 cm × 6.5 cm became mandatory for state buildings in the North German Confederation. Buildings could thus be made from bricks of different origins.
With the metric system, the (new) imperial format with 24 cm × 11.5 cm × 6.3 cm and the normal format with 24 cm × 11.5 cm × 7.1 cm became necessary.
The buildings were gridded in 1/8-metre units.
This octametric measurement system is based on the module 12.5 cm, which corresponds to an eighth of a metre. The system is regulated in DIN 4172 "Measurement in building construction".
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